A R2

Some info about R^2

Robonaut 2

In the current iteration of Robonaut, Robonaut 2 or R2, NASA and General Motors are working together with assistance from Oceaneering Space Systems engineers to accelerate development of the next generation of robots and related technologies for use in

the automotive and aerospace industries. Robonaut 2 (R2) is a state of the art highly dexterous anthropomorphic robot. Like its predecessor Robonaut 1 (R1), R2 is capable of handling a wide range of EVA tools and interfaces, but R2 is a significant advancement over its predecessor. R2 is capable of speeds more than four times faster than R1, is more compact, is more dexterous, and includes a deeper and wider range of sensing. Advanced technology spans the entire R2 system and includes: optimized overlapping dual arm dexterous workspace, series elastic joint technology, extended finger and thumb travel, miniaturized 6-axis load cells, redundant force sensing, ultra-high speed joint controllers, extreme neck travel, and high resolution camera and IR systems. The dexterity of R2 allows it to use the same tools that astronauts currently use and removes the need for specialized tools just for robots.

One advantage of a humanoid design is that Robonaut can take over simple, repetitive, or especially dangerous tasks on places such as the International Space Station. Because R2 is approaching human dexterity, tasks such as changing out an air filter can be performed without modifications to the existing design.

Another way this might be beneficial is during a robotic precursor mission. R2 would bring one set of tools for the precursor mission, such as setup and geologic investigation. Not only does this improve efficiency in the types of tools, but also removes the need for specialized robotic connectors. Future missions could then supply a new set of tools and use the existing tools already on location.

What is a robonaut?

Learn all about the robonaut inside the discovery shuttle

What is a Robonaut?

A Robonaut is a dexterous humanoid robot built and designed at NASA Johnson Space Center in Houston, Texas. Our challenge is to build machines that can help humans work and explore in space. Working side by side with humans, or going where the risks are too great for people, Robonauts will expand our ability for construction and discovery. Central to that effort is a capability we call dexterous manipulation, embodied by an ability to use one's hand to do work, and our challenge has been to build machines with dexterity that exceeds that of a suited astronaut.

There are currently four Robonauts, with others currently in development. This allows us to study various types of mobility, control methods, and task applications. The value of a humanoid over other

designs is the ability to use the same workspace and tools - not only does this improve efficiency in the types of tools, but also removes the need for specialized robotic connectors. Robonauts are essential to NASA's future as we go beyond low earth orbit and continue to explore the vast wonder that is space.

Robonaut 2 or R2, will launch to the International Space Station on space shuttle Discovery as part of the STS-133 mission, it will become the first dexterous humanoid robot in space, and the first US-built robot at the space station. But that will be just one small step for a robot and one giant leap for robot-kind.

Initially R2 will be deployed on a fixed pedestal inside the ISS. Next steps include a leg for climbing through the corridors of the Space Station, upgrades for R2 to go outside into the vacuum of space, and then future lower bodies like legs and wheels to propel the R2 across Lunar and Martian terrain. A four wheeled rover called Centaur 2 is being evaluated at the 2010 Desert Field Test in Arizona as an example of these future lower bodies for R2.

For Education focused information about Robonaut and robotics in general go to NASA Education Robotics page.

Coups!

This Is the list of successful Coups in the world

A-E

• Afghanistan in 1973 by Mohammed Daoud Khan against Mohammad Zahir Shah, King of Afghanistan
• Afghanistan in 1978 by Nur Muhammad Taraki against Mohammed Daoud Khan
• Afghanistan in 1979 by Hafizullah Amin against Nur Muhammad Taraki
• Afghanistan in 1979 by Babrak Karmal against Hafizullah Amin
• Algeria in 1965 by Houari Boumedienne against Ahmed Ben Bella
• Algeria in 1992 by Khaled Nezzar against Chadli Bendjedid
• Argentina on September 6, 1930 by José Félix Uriburu against Hipólito Yrigoyen
• Argentina in 1943 by Arturo Rawson against Ramón Castillo
• Argentina in 1955 by Eduardo Lonardi against Juan Perón
• Argentina in March 1962 against Arturo Frondizi
• Argentina in 1966 by Juan Carlos Onganía against Roberto M. Levingston
• Argentina in 1976 by Jorge Rafael Videla against Isabel Martínez de Perón
• Azerbaijan in 1993 by Heydar Aliyev against Abülfaz Elçibay
• Bangladesh on August 15, 1975 by army officers against Mujibur Rahman
• Bangladesh on March 24, 1982 by Hossain Mohammad Ershad against A. F. M. Ahsanuddin Chowdhury
• Bolivia in 1899 by José Manuel Pando against Severo Fernández Alonso
• Bolivia in 1920 by Bautista Saavedra Mallea against José Gutiérrez Guerra
• Bolivia in 1930 by Carlos Blanco Galindo against Hernando Siles Reyes
• Bolivia in 1934 by José Luis Tejada Sorzano against Daniel Salamanca Urey
• Bolivia in 1936 by David Toro Ruilova against José Luis Tejada Sorzano
• Bolivia in 1937 by Germán Busch Becerra against David Toro Ruilova
• Bolivia in 1943 by Gualberto Villarroel López against Enrique Peñaranda del Castillo
• Bolivia in 1946 by an angry mob, Néstor Guillén, and Tomás Monje against Gualberto Villarroel López
• Bolivia in 1951 by Hugo Ballivián Rojas against Mamerto Urriolagoitia with the support of Urriolagoitia
• Bolivia in 1952 by Víctor Paz Estenssoro and the Revolutionary Nationalist Movement against Hugo Ballivián Rojas
• Bolivia in 1964 by René Barrientos against Víctor Paz Estenssoro
• Bolivia in 1970 by Juan José Torres against Alfredo Ovando Candía
• Bolivia in 1971 by Hugo Banzer against Juan José Torres
• Bolivia in 1980 by Luis García Meza Tejada
• Brazil in 1889 by Deodoro da Fonseca against Emperor Dom Pedro II of Brazil.
• Brazil in 1964 by Humberto de Alencar Castelo Branco against João Goulart
• Bulgaria in 1923 by the Army against Aleksandar Stamboliyski
• Bulgaria in 1934 by Kimon Georgiev against Zveno
• Bulgaria in 1944 by Kimon Georgiev against Konstantin Muraviev
• Burkina Faso in 1983 by Blaise Compaoré against Jean-Baptiste Ouédraogo
• Burkina Faso in 1987 by Blaise Compaoré against Thomas Sankara
• Burma on March 1, 1962 by Ne Win against U Nu
• Burma on September 18, 1988 by Saw Maung against Maung Maung Kha
• Burundi in November 1966 by Michel Micombero against Ntare V of Burundi
• Burundi on July 25, 1996 by Pierre Buyoya
• Cambodia in 1970 by Lon Nol against King Norodom Sihanouk
• Cambodia in 1993 by King Norodom Sihanouk against Hun Sen
• Cambodia in 1997 by Hun Sen against Prince Norodom Ranariddh (Norodom Sihamoni became King in 2004)
• Central African Republic in 1966 by Jean-Bédel Bokassa against David Dacko^[26]
• Central African Empire in 1979 by David Dacko against Emperor Jean-Bédel Bokassa
  
• Central African Republic in 1981 by André Kolingba against David Dacko
• Central African Republic in 2003 by François Bozizé
• Chad in 1975 by Noël Milarew Odingar against François Tombalbaye
• Chile on January 23, 1925 by Carlos Ibáñez del Campo and Marmaduke Grove Vallejo against Luis Altamirano Talavera^[28]
• Chile on September 11, 1973 by Augusto Pinochet against Salvador Allende^[29]
• Ciskei in 1990 by Oupa Gqozo against Lennox Sebe^[30]
• Colombia in June 1953 by Gustavo Rojas Pinilla against Laureano Gómez^[31]
• Comoros in 1999 by Azali Assoumani against Tadjidine Ben Said Massounde^[32]
• Congo-Brazzaville (Republic of the Congo) in 1963 by Alphonse Massemba-Débat against Fulbert Youlou
• Congo-Brazzaville (Republic of the Congo) in 1968 by Marien Ngouabi (People's Republic of the Congo) against Alphonse Massemba-Débat^[33]
• Congo-Brazzaville (People's Republic of the Congo) in 1979 by Denis Sassou Nguesso (Republic of the Congo) against Joachim Yhombi-Opango.
• Congo-Léopoldville (Democratic Republic of the Congo) in 1960 by Mobutu (Zaire) against Patrice Lumumba
• Congo-Léopoldville (Zaire) in 1997 by Laurent-Désiré Kabila (Democratic Republic of the Congo) against Mobutu (Kabila was succeeded by his son, Joseph Kabila, in 2001 after a failed coups in which the elder Kabila was assassinated)
• Costa Rica in 1870 by Bruno Carranza Ramírez
• Costa Rica in 1876 by Vicente Herrera Zeledón
• Costa Rica in 1917 by Federico Tinoco Granados
• Côte d'Ivoire in 1999 by Robert Guéï
• Cuba in 1952 by Fulgencio Batista against Carlos Prío Socarrás
• Cuba in 1959 by Fidel Castro against General Fulgencio Batista
• Cyprus in 1974 by Nikos Sampson against Archbishop Makarios III
• Czechoslovakia in 1948 by the Communist Party against non-Communists
• Dahomey in 1963 by Christophe Soglo
• Dahomey in 1972 by Mathieu Kérékou
• Denmark in 1660 by Frederick III of Denmark
• Denmark in 1772 by Juliana Maria of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel and her son Frederick, Hereditary Prince of Denmark and Norway.
• Denmark in 1784 by crownprince Frederick of Denmark.
• Dominican Republic in 1963 under Emilio de los Santos
• Ecuador in 1925 by Luis Telmo Paz y Miño
• Ecuador in 1935 by Federico Páez
• Ecuador in 1963 by Ramón Castro Jijón
• Ecuador in 1972 by Guillermo Rodríguez
• Ecuador in 2000 by Lucio Gutiérrez
• Egypt in 1952 by Gamal Abdel Nasser
• El Salvador in 1931 by Maximiliano Hernández Martínez
• El Salvador in 1948 by Manuel de Jesús Córdova
• El Salvador in 1960
• El Salvador in 1979
• Equatorial Guinea in 1979 by Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo
• Estonia in 1934 by Konstantin Päts
• Ethiopia in 1974 by General Aman Andom and the Dergue against Emperor Haile Selassie I of Ethiopia
• Ethiopia in 1991 by General Tesfaye Gebre Kidan and the Dergue against General Mengistu Haile Mariam
• Ethiopia in 1991 by Birhanu Bayeh and the Dergue against General Tesfaye Gebre Kidan

F-J

• Fiji in 1987 by Sitiveni Rabuka
• Fiji in 2000 by George Speight
• Fiji in 2006 by Frank Bainimarama
• France in 1792 by the National Convention against King Louis XVI of France, the French Revolution
• France in 1799 by Napoleon Bonaparte (Napoleon I) and the French Consulate against the French Directory
• France in 1804 by Emperor Napoleon I against the French Consulate
• France in 1815 by Emperor Napoleon I against King Louis XVIII of France
• France in 1830 by Louis-Philippe of France against King Charles X of France
• France in 1848 by Louis-Eugène Cavaignac and Louis Napoleon (Napoleon III) against King Louis-Philippe of France
• France in 1851 by Emperor Napoleon III against Louis-Eugène Cavaignac
• France in 1870 by the French Third Republic against Emperor Napoleon III
• Gambia in 1994 under Yahya Jammeh
• Georgia from 1991 to 1992 by Eduard Shevardnadze against Zviad Gamsakhurdia
• Ghana in 1966 by Joseph Arthur Ankrah against Kwame Nkrumah
• Ghana in 1972 by Ignatius Kutu Acheampong against Kofi Abrefa Busia
• Ghana in 1978 by Fred Akuffo against Ignatius Kutu Acheampong
• Ghana in 1979 by Jerry John Rawlings for Hilla Limann against Fred Akuffo
• Ghana in 1981 by Jerry John Rawlings against Hilla Limann
• Greece in 1967 under Georgios Papadopoulos
• Grenada in 1979 by Maurice Bishop against Eric Gairy
• Grenada in 1983 by Bernard Coard against Maurice Bishop
• Guam in 1898 by José Sisto against Francisco Portusach Martínez
• Guam in 1898 by Venancio Roberto against José Sisto
• Guatemala in 1963 under Enrique Peralta Azurdia
• Guatemala in 1982 under Efraín Ríos Montt
• Guinea in 1984 under Lansana Conté
• Guinea in 2008 by the military after the death of Lansana Conté
• Guinea-Bissau in 1980 under João Bernardo Vieira
• Guinea-Bissau in 1999 under Ansumane Mané
• Guinea-Bissau in 2003 under Veríssimo Correia Seabra
• Haiti in 1946 by Dumarsais Estimé against Élie Lescot
• Haiti in 1950 by Paul Eugène Magloire against Dumarsais Estimé
• Haiti in 1986 by Henri Namphy against Jean-Claude Duvalier
• Haiti in 1988 by Prosper Avril against Henri Namphy
• Haiti on 30 September 1991 by Raoul Cédras against Jean-Bertrand Aristide
• Haiti in February 2004 against Jean-Bertrand Aristide who was replaced by Boniface Alexandre
• Honduras in 1956
• Honduras in 1963 under Oswaldo López Arellano
• Honduras in 1972 under Oswaldo López Arellano
• Honduras in 1975 under Juan Alberto Melgar Castro
• Honduras in 1978 under Policarpo Paz García
• Honduras in 2009 by the army led by General Romeo Vasquez Velasquez against Manuel Zelaya. Opinion is divided as to whether or not it was a coup.
• Kingdom of Hungary in 1944 under Ferenc Szálasi against Regent Miklós Horthy
• Hungary in 1944 under Béla Miklós against Ferenc Szálasi
• Indonesia in 1966 under Suharto
• Iran in 1921 by Reza Shah Pahlavi against Ahmad Shah Qajar
• Iran in 1953 by Mohammad Reza Pahlavi against Mohammed Mossadegh
• Iraq in 1958 by Muhammad Najib ar-Ruba'i and Abdul Karim Qassim against King Faisal II of Iraq
• Iraq in 1963 by Abdul Salam Arif against Abdul Karim Qassim
• Ireland in 1921 by Irish Republican Army against United Kingdom
• Iraq in 1968 by Ahmad Hassan al-Bakr against Abdul Rahman Arif
• Kingdom of Italy in 1922 by King Victor Emmanuel III and Benito Mussolini against Luigi Facta
• Kingdom of Italy in 1943 by King Victor Emmanuel III and General Pietro Badoglio against fascist dictator Benito Mussolini

K-P

• South Korea in 1961 under Park Chung Hee
• South Korea in 1979 under Chun Doo-hwan
• Kyrgyzstan in 2010 against Kurmanbek Bakiyev
• Laos in 1960 under Kong Le
• Latvia in 1934 under Kārlis Ulmanis
• Lesotho in 1986 by Justin Metsing Lekhanya against Leabua Jonathan
• Liberia in 1980 by Staff Sergeant Samuel K. Doe against President William R. Tolbert, Jr. and the Americo-Liberian elite
• Liberia in 1990 by rebel leader Prince Johnson against President Samuel K. Doe
• Libya in 1969 by Muammar al-Gaddafi against King Idris I of Libya
• Lithuania in 1926 under Antanas Smetona
• Madagascar in 1972 under Gabriel Ramanantsoa
• Madagascar in 2009 by Andry Rajoelina against Marc Ravalomanana
• Mali in 1968 under Moussa Traoré
• Mali in 1991 under Amadou Toumani Touré
• Mauritania in 1978 under Mustafa Ould Salek
• Mauritania in 2005 under Ely Ould Mohamed Vall
• Mauritania in 2008 under Mohamed Ould Abdel Aziz
• Mexico in 1876 by Porfirio Díaz against Sebastián Lerdo de Tejada
• Mexico in 1911 by Francisco I. Madero against Porfirio Díaz (and Francisco León de la Barra)
• Mexico in 1913 by Victoriano Huerta (and Pedro Lascuráin) against Francisco I. Madero
• Mexico in 1915 by Venustiano Carranza and others against Victoriano Huerta
• Mexico in 1920 by Adolfo de la Huerta against Venustiano Carranza
• Muscat and Oman in 1970 under Qaboos bin Said
• Nicaragua in 1856 under William Walker
• Nicaragua in 1944 by Anastasio Somoza García for Benjamín Lacayo Sacasa against Leonardo Argüello Barreto
• Niger in 1974 by Seyni Kountché against Hamani Diori
• Niger in 1996 under Ibrahim Baré Maïnassara
• Niger in 2010 against Mamadou Tandja
• Nigeria in 1966 under Chukwuma Kaduna Nzeogwu
• Nigeria in 1983 under Muhammadu Buhari
• Nigeria in 1985 under Ibrahim Babangida
• Panama in 1968 by Omar Torrijos against President Arnulfo Arias Madrid
• Pakistan in 1958 by Field Marshal Ayub Khan against Iskander Mirza
• Pakistan in 1977 by General Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq against Zulfikar Ali Bhutto
• Pakistan in 1999 by General Pervez Musharraf against Nawaz Sharif
• Paraguay in 1989 under Andrés Rodríguez
• Peru in 1914 under Óscar Benavides
• Peru in 1919 under Augusto B. Leguía y Salcedo
• Peru in 1930 under Luis Miguel Sánchez Cerro
• Peru in 1948 under Manuel A. Odría
• Peru in 1962 under Ricardo Pérez Godoy
• Peru in 1968 under Juan Velasco Alvarado
• Peru in 1992 under Alberto Fujimori (dissolved Parliament)
• Poland in 1926 under Józef Piłsudski
• Poland in 1981 under Wojciech Jaruzelski
• Portugal in 1926 under Gomes da Costa
• Portugal in 1974 under António de Spínola

Q-V

• Kingdom of Romania in 1938 by King Carol II of Romania against Corneliu Zelea Codreanu and the Iron Guard
• Kingdom of Romania in 1940 by Ion Antonescu against King Carol II of Romania
• Kingdom of Romania in 1944 by King Michael I of Romania and Constantin Sănătescu against Ion Antonescu
• Kingdom of Romania in 1947 by Petru Groza against King Michael I of Romania
• Principality of Romania in 1866 by the "Monstrous Coalition" of Liberals and Conservatives against prince Alexander John Cuza
• Romania in 1989 by the National Salvation Front against Nicolae Ceauşescu
• Russia in 1917 under the Russian Provisional Government against Tsar Nicholas II of Russia
• Rwanda in 1973 under Juvénal Habyarimana
• São Tomé and Príncipe in 1995 under Manuel Quintas de Almeida
• São Tomé and Príncipe in 2003 under Fernando Pereira
• Seychelles in 1977 by France-Albert René against James Mancham
• Seychelles "counter coups" in 1981 by France-Albert René against mercenary "Mad Mike" Hoare and 43 others
• Sierra Leone in 1967 under David Lansana
• Sierra Leone in 1967 under Andrew Juxon-Smith
• Sierra Leone in 1968 under John Amadu Bangura
• Sierra Leone in 1992 under Valentine Strasser
• Sierra Leone in 1996 under Julius Maada Bio
• Sierra Leone in 1997 under Johnny Paul Koroma
• Solomon Islands in 2000 by the Malaitan Eagle Force
• Somalia in 1969 by Muhammad Siad Barre
• Somalia in 1991 by Ali Mahdi Muhammad against Muhammad Siad Barre
• Spain in 1936 by Francisco Franco against Manuel Azaña
• Sudan in 1958 under Ibrahim Abboud
• Sudan in 1969 under Gaafar al-Nimeiry
• Sudan in 1985 under Abdel Rahman Swar al-Dahab
• Sudan in 1989 under Omar Hassan Ahmad al-Bashir
• Suriname on 25 February 1980 under Dési Bouterse ousting Prime Minister Henck Arron
• Suriname in 13 August 1980 under Dési Bouterse ousting President Johan Ferrier
• Suriname in 1990 under Dési Bouterse
• Sweden in 1772 by Gustav III of Sweden against the Privy Council of Sweden
• Sweden in 1809 by a number of army officers against king Gustav IV Adolf of Sweden
• Syria in 1966 by Salah Jadid against Amin Hafiz
• Syria in 1970 by Hafez al-Assad against Nureddin al-Atassi
• Thailand in 1932 by Field Marshal Phibunsongkhram, Dr. Pridi Phanomyong, Khuang Abhaiwongse, and Prayoon Phamornmontri (members of the People's Party, Khana Ratsadon) against King Prajadhipok (Rama VII)
• Thailand in 2006 by General Sonthi Boonyaratglin against Thaksin Shinawatra
• Togo in 1963 under Étienne Eyadéma
• Transkei in 1987 under Bantu Holomisa
• Tunisia in 1987 under Zine El Abidine Ben Ali
• Turkey in 1960 under the National Unity Committee headed by Cemal Gürsel
• Turkey in 1971 under four Force Commanders of the Turkish Armed Forces
• Turkey in 1980 under Kenan Evren
• Turkey in 1997 under Chief of the General Staff İsmail Hakkı Karadayı and a member of the Turkish General Staff Çevik Bir
• Uganda in 1966 by Milton Obote against King Mutesa II of Buganda
• Uganda in 1971 by Idi Amin against Milton Obote
• Upper Volta in 1966 under Sangoulé Lamizana
• Upper Volta in 1980 under Saye Zerbo
• Upper Volta in 1982 under Jean-Baptiste Ouédraogo
• Upper Volta in 1983 under Thomas Sankara
• Uruguay in 1933 under Gabriel Terra
• Uruguay in 1973 by Juan María Bordaberry against his own government
• Venda in 1990 under Gabriel Ramushwana
• Venezuela in 1948 under Carlos Delgado Chalbaud
• South Vietnam in 1963 under Duong Van
  

W-Z

• Yemen in 1962 under Abdullah as-Sallal
• Yemen Arab Republic in 1974 under Ibrahim al-Hamadi
• Kingdom of Yugoslavia in 1941 by King Peter II of Yugoslavia against Regent Prince Paul of Yugoslavia
• Kingdom of Yugoslavia in 1945 by Josip Broz Tito against King Peter II of Yugoslavia
• Zanzibar in 1964 under John Okello
  

Fortune 500

The list of fortune 500 - these are the 500 companies in the usa that Matter
The Fortune 500

1. Wal-Mart Stores, Inc.
2. Exxon Mobil Corporation
3. ChevronTexaco Corporation
4. General Electric Company
5. Bank of America Corporation
6. ConocoPhillips
7. AT&T Corp
8. Ford Motor Company
9. J.P. Morgan Chase & Co
10. Hewlett-Packard Company
11. Berkshire Hathaway
12. Citigroup Inc
13. Verizon Communications
14. McKesson Corporation
15. General Motors Corporation
16. American International Group
17. Cardinal Health, Inc
18. CVS Caremark
19. Wells Fargo & Company
20. International Business Machines Corporation
21. United Health Group Inc
22. Procter & Gamble Co
23. The Kroger Co
24. AmerisourceBergen Corporation
25. Costco Wholesale Corp.
26. Valero Energy Corp
27. Archer-Daniels-Midland Company
28. The Boeing Company
29. Home Depot, Inc.
30. Target Corporation
31. WellPoint Health Networks
32. Walgreen Company
33. Johnson & Johnson
34. State Farm Insurance
35. Medco Health Solutions Inc
36. Microsoft Corporation
37. United Technologies Corporation
38. Dell, Inc
39. Goldman Sachs Group
40. Pfizer Inc.
41. Marathon Oil Corp.
42. Lowe's Companies, Inc.
43. United Parcel Service of America, Inc
44. Lockheed Martin Corporation
45. Best Buy Co., Inc.
46. The Dow Chemical Company
47. Supervalu Inc
48. Sears Holdings Corporation
49. International Assets Holding
50. PepsiCo, Inc.
51. MetLife, Inc.
52. Safeway Inc.
53. Kraft Foods
54. Freddie Mac
55. SYSCO Corporation
56. Apple Computer, Inc
57. The Walt Disney Company
58. Cisco Systems, Inc.
59. Comcast Corporation
60. FedEx Corporation
61. Northrop Grumman Corporation
62. Intel Corporation
63. Aetna Inc.
64. New York Life Insurance Company
65. Prudential Financial, Inc
66. Caterpillar Inc.
67. Sprint
68. The Allstate Corporation
69. General Dynamics Corporation
70. Morgan Stanley
71. Liberty Mutual
72. The Coca-Cola Company
73. Humana Inc.
74. Honeywell International
75. Abbott Laboratories
76. News Corp
77. HCA Inc.
78. Sunoco Inc
79. Amerada Hess Corporation
80. Ingram Micro
81. Fannie Mae
82. Time Warner Inc.
83. Johnson Controls, Inc.
84. Delta Air Lines Inc
85. Merck & Co Inc
86. DuPont
87. Tyson Foods Inc
88. American Express Company
89. Rite Aid Corporation
90. TIAA-CREF
91. CHS Inc
92. Enterprise GP Holdings
93. MassMutual Financial Group
94. Philip Morris International
95. Raytheon Company
96. Express Scripts
97. Hartford Financial Services Group
98. Travelers Cos
99. Publix Super Markets
100. Amazon.com Inc.
101. Staples, Inc.
102. Google
103. Macy's
104. International Paper Company
105. Oracle Corporation
106. 3M Company
107. Deere & Company
108. McDonald's Corporation
109. Tech Data Corporation
110. Motorola Inc
111. Fluor Corporation
112. Eli Lilly and Co
113. Coca-Cola Enterprises
114. Bristol-Myers Squibb Co.
115. The Northwestern Mutual Life Insurance Company
116. The Directv Group Inc
117. Emerson Electric Co
118. Nationwide Mutual Insurance Co
119. TJX Companies, Inc.
120. American Airlines - AMR
121. U.S. Bancorp
122. GMAC
123. The PNC Financial Services Group
124. Nike Inc.
125. Murphy Oil Corp
126. Kimberly-Clark Corp
127. Alcoa
128. Plains All American Pipeline, L. P.
129. CIGNA Corporation
130. AFLAC Incorporated
131. Time Warner Cable
132. United Services Automobile Association
133. J.C. Penney Company, Inc.
134. Exelon Corporation
135. Kohl's Corporation
136. Whirlpool Corporation
137. Altria Group Inc
138. Computer Sciences Corporation
139. Tesoro Petroleum Corp
140. UAL Corporation(United Airlines)
141. Goodyear Tire & Rubber
142. Avnet, Inc.
143. Manpower Inc.
144. Capital One Financial Corp
145. Southern Company
146. Health Net, Inc.
147. FPL Group Inc
148. L-3 Communications Hldgs.
149. Constellation Energy Group
150. Occidental Petroleum Corp
151. Colgate-Palmolive
152. Xerox Corporation
153. Dominion Resources
154. Freeport-McMoRan Copper & Gold
155. General Mills, Inc.
156. The AES Corporation
157. Arrow Electronics, Inc.
158. Halliburton Company
159. Amgen Inc
160. Medtronic, Inc.
161. Progressive Corp.
162. Gap, Inc.
163. Smithfield Foods, Inc.
164. Union Pacific Corp
165. Loews Corporation
166. EMC Corporation
167. Burlington Northern Santa Fe Corporation
168. Coventry Health Care, Inc
169. Illinois Tool Works Inc.
170. Viacom International Inc
171. Toys R Us, Inc.
172. American Electric Power
173. PG&E Corporation
174. Pepsi Bottling
175. Consolidated Edison, Inc.
176. Chubb Corporation
177. CBS
178. ConAgra Foods, Inc.
179. FirstEnergy
180. Sara Lee Corp
181. Duke Energy Corporation
182. National Oilwell Varco
183. Continental Airlines, Inc
184. Kellogg
185. Baxter International Inc.
186. Public Service Enterprise Group Incorporated
187. Edison International
188. Qwest Communications
189. Aramark Corporation
190. PPG Industries, Inc.
191. Community Health Systems
192. Office Depot, Inc.
193. KBR
194. Eaton Corporation
195. Dollar General Corp
196. Waste Management, Inc.
197. Monsanto Company
198. Omnicom Group Inc.
199. Jabil Circuit
200. DISH Network
201. TRW Automotive Holdings Corp.
202. Navistar International Corp
203. Jacobs Engineering Group
204. Sun Microsystems Inc.
205. World Fuel Services Corp.
206. Nucor Corporation
207. Danaher Corporation
208. Dean Foods Company
209. ONEOK Inc
210. Liberty Global
211. United States Steel
212. AutoNation, Inc.
213. Marriott International Inc.
214. ITT Industries, Inc.
215. SAIC
216. Yum! Brands, Inc.
217. BB&T Corporation
218. Cummins Inc
219. Entergy Corporation
220. Textron Inc.
221. Marsh & McLennan Co's
222. US Airways Inc
223. Texas Instruments
224. SunTrust Banks Inc
225. Qualcomm Inc
226. Land O'Lakes
227. Liberty Media Corp
228. Avon Products, Inc.
229. Southwest Airlines Co.
230. Parker Hannifin Corp
231. Mosaic
232. BJ's Wholesale Club, Inc.
233. H.J. Heinz Company
234. Fisher Scientific International Inc
235. UnumProvident
236. Genuine Parts
237. Guardian Life of America
238. Peter Kiewit Sons'
239. Progress Energy
240. R.R. Donnelley & Sons Company
241. Starbucks Corporation
242. Lear Corporation
243. Baker Hughes
244. Xcel Energy Inc
245. Penske Automotive Group
246. Energy Future Holdings
247. Great Atlantic & Pacific Tea
248. Fifth Third Bancorp
249. State Street Corporation
250. First Data Corp

251. Pepco Holdings, Inc.
252. URS
253. Tenet Healthcare Corp.
254. Regions Financial Corp.
255. GameStop
256. Lincoln National Corporation
257. Genworth Financial
258. XTO Energy
259. CSX Corporation
260. Anadarko Petroleum Corporation
261. Devon Energy Corporation
262. Praxair Inc
263. NRG Energy
264. Harrah's Entertainment Inc
265. Automated Data Processing
266. Principal Financial Group
267. eBay
268. Assurant Inc
269. Limited Brands
270. Nordstrom, Inc.
271. Apache Corporation
272. Reynolds American Inc
273. Air Products and Chemicals Inc.
274. Bank of New York Co.
275. CenterPoint Energy Inc
276. Williams Companies, Inc.
277. Smith International, Inc.
278. Republic Services
279. Boston Scientific Corp.
280. Sempra Energy
281. Ashland
282. PACCAR Inc
283. Owens & Minor, Inc.
284. Whole Foods Market, Inc.
285. DTE Energy Company
286. Discover Financial Services
287. Norfolk Southern Corporation
288. Ameriprise Financial
289. Crown Holdings Inc.
290. Icahn Enterprises
291. Masco Corporation
292. Cablevision Systems Corp.
293. Huntsman
294. Synnex
295. Newmont Mining Corporation
296. Chesapeake Energy
297. Eastman Kodak Company
298. Aon Corporation
299. Campbell Soup Company
300. PPL Corporation
301. C.H. Robinson Worldwide
302. Integrys Energy Group
303. Quest Diagnostics Incorporated
304. Western Digital
305. Family Dollar Stores, Inc.
306. Winn-Dixie Stores, Inc.
307. Ball Corporation
308. Estee Lauder Co.
309. Shaw Group
310. VF Corporation
311. Darden Restaurants, Inc.
312. Becton, Dickinson and Company
313. OfficeMax Inc
314. Bed Bath & Beyond Inc.
315. Kinder Morgan Management LLC
316. Ross Stores Inc
317. Pilgrim's Pride Corp
318. Hertz Global Holdings
319. Sherwin-Williams Company
320. Ameren Corporation
321. Reinsurance Group of America
322. Owens-Illinois, Inc.
323. CarMax
324. Gilead Sciences
325. Precision Castparts
326. Visa
327. Commercial Metals Company
328. WellCare Health Plans
329. AutoZone, Inc.
330. Western Refining
331. Dole Food Company Inc
332. Charter Communications
333. Stryker Corporation
334. Goodrich Corporation
335. Visteon Corporation
336. NiSource
337. AGCO Corporation
338. Calpine Corporation
339. Henry Schein Inc
340. Hormel Foods Corporation
341. Affiliated Computer Services, Inc
342. Thrivent Investment Management
343. Yahoo
344. American Family Insurance
345. Sonic Automotive, Inc
346. Peabody Energy
347. Omnicare, Incorporated
348. Dillard's Inc
349. WW Grainger, Inc
350. CMS Energy Corporation
351. Fortune Brands Inc
352. AECOM Technology
353. Symantec
354. SLM Corp
355. DaVita
356. KeyCorp
357. MeadWestvaco Corp
358. The Interpublic Group of Companies Inc
359. Virgin Media
360. MGM Mirage Inc
361. The First American Corporation
362. Avery Dennison Corporation
363. The McGraw-Hill Companies
364. Enbridge Energy Partners
365. Ecolab Inc.
366. Fidelity National Financial Inc
367. Dover Corporation
368. Global Partners
369. UGI Corporation
370. Gannett Co., Inc.
371. Harris
372. Barnes & Noble Inc
373. Newell Rubbermaid Inc.
374. Smurfit-Stone Container
375. Pitney Bowes Inc
376. CC Media Holdings
377. EMCOR Group, Inc.
378. Dr Pepper Snapple Group
379. Weyerhaeuser Company
380. SunGard Data Systems
381. CH2M Hill
382. Pantry
383. Domtar
384. The Clorox Company
385. Northeast Utilities
386. Oshkosh
387. Mattel Inc
388. Energy Transfer Equity
389. Advance Auto Parts Inc
390. Advanced Micro Devices, Inc.
391. Corning Incorporated
392. Mohawk Industries Inc
393. PetSmart
394. Reliance Steel & Aluminum
395. Hershey Foods Corporation
396. YRC Worldwide
397. Dollar Tree
398. Dana Holding
399. Cameron International
400. Nash Finch Company
401. Pacific Life Insurance Co
402. Terex Corporation
403. Universal Health Services
404. Amerigroup
405. Sanmina-SCI Corporation
406. Jarden
407. Tutor Perini
408. Mutual of Omaha
409. Avis Budget Group
410. Autoliv
411. MasterCard
412. Mylan
413. Western Union
414. Celanese
415. Eastman Chemical Company
416. Telephone & Data Systems
417. Polo Ralph Lauren
418. Auto-Owners Insurance
419. Core-Mark Holding
420. Western & Southern Financial Group
421. Applied Materials, Inc
422. Anixter International
423. CenturyTel
424. Atmos Energy
425. Universal American
426. Ryder System, Inc.
427. SPX Corporation
428. Foot Locker
429. O'Reilly Automotive
430. Harley-Davidson Inc
431. Holly
432. Owens Corning
433. Micron Technology Inc
434. EOG Resources
435. Black & Decker Corp
436. Big Lots Stores Inc
437. Spectra Energy
438. Starwood Hotels & Resorts
439. United Stationers Inc.
440. TravelCenters of America
441. BlackRock
442. Laboratory Corp. of America
443. Health Management Associates
444. NYSE Euronext
445. St. Jude Medical
446. Tenneco Automotive Inc.
447. El Paso Corporation
448. WESCO International, Inc.
449. Consol Energy
450. ArvinMeritor Inc
451. NCR Corporation
452. Unisys Corporation
453. Lubrizol
454. Alliant Techsystems
455. Washington Post
456. Las Vegas Sands
457. Group 1 Automotive, Inc.
458. Genzyme
459. Allergan
460. Broadcom
461. Agilent Technologies Inc
462. Rockwell Collins
463. W.R. Berkley Corporation
464. PepsiAmericas
465. The Charles Schwab Corporation
466. Dick's Sporting Goods
467. FMC Technologies
468. NII Holdings
469. General Cable
470. Graybar Electric Company, Inc.
471. Biogen Idec
472. AbitibiBowater
473. Flowserve
474. Airgas
475. Conseco Inc
476. Rockwell Automation
477. Kindred Healthcare, Inc.
478. American Financial Group
479. Kelly Services
480. Spectrum Group International
481. RadioShack Corporation
482. CA
483. Con-way
484. Erie Insurance
485. Casey's General Stores
486. Centene
487. Sealed Air Corporation
488. Frontier Oil
489. SCANA Corporation
490. Live Nation Entertainment
491. Fiserv
492. Host Hotels & Resorts
493. H&R Block, Inc.
494. Electronic Arts
495. Franklin Resources
496. Wisconsin Energy Corp
497. Northern Trust Corp.
498. MDU Resources Group
499. CB Richard Ellis Group
500. Blockbuster

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BP

Some facts About British petroluem, the company at the heart of the gulf of Mexico oil spill



BP p.l.c. BP Logo.svg
Type Public limited company
(LSE: BP, NYSE: BP)
Industry Oil and natural gas, alternative fuels
Founded 1909 (as the Anglo-Persian Oil Company)
1954 (as the British Petroleum Company)
1998 (merger of British Petroleum and Amoco)
Headquarters London, United Kingdom
Area served Worldwide
Key people Carl-Henric Svanberg (Chairman)
Bob Dudley (CEO)
Byron Grote (CFO)
Products BP petroleum and derived products
BP service stations
Air BP Aviation Fuels
Castrol motor oil
ARCO gas stations
am/pm convenience stores
Aral service stations solar panels
Revenue US $308.9 billion (2010)
Operating income US $-3.7 billion (2010)
Net income US $-3.7 billion (2010)[2]
Total assets US $272.2 billion (2010)
Total equity US $94.98 billion (2010)
Employees 80,300 (Dec 2009)[3]
Website BP.com

kosovo

Kosovo
Kosovo physical map
Capital (and largest city)		Pristina (Prishtina or Priština) 42°40′N 21°10′E / 42.667°N 21.167°E / 42.667; 21.167
Ethnic groups (2009)		88% Albanians 7% Serbs 5% others[1]
Government		disputed
-	UNSG Special Representative	Lamberto Zannier (UN)
-	Serb assembly president	Radovan Ničić
-	Republic of Kosovo president	Behgjet Pacolli
Governing authority		disputed
-	UN administration	10 June 1999
-	Serb community	February 2003
-	Republic of Kosovo	17 February 2008
Area
-	Total	10,908 km2 4,212 sq mi
-	Water (%)	n/a
Population
-	2007 estimate	1,804,838[2]
-	1991 census	1,956,1961
-	Density	220/km2 500/sq mi
GDP (nominal)		2009 estimate
-	Total	$5.352 billion[3]
-	Per capita	$2,965
Currency		Euro (€); Serbian Dinar (EUR; RSD)
Time zone		CET (UTC+1)
-	Summer (DST)	CEST (UTC+2)
Drives on the		right
Calling code		+3812
1	The census is a reconstruction; most of the ethnic Albanian majority boycotted.
2	Officially +381; some mobile phone providers use +377 (Monaco) or +386 (Slovenia) instead.

Republic of Kosovo Republika e Kosovës (Albanian) Република Косово (Serbian) Republika Kosovo (Serbian)
Flag Coat of arms
Anthem: Europe[4]
Location of Kosovo on the European continent
Capital (and largest city)		Pristina (Prishtina, Priština) 42°40′N 21°10′E / 42.667°N 21.167°E / 42.667; 21.167
Official language(s)		Albanian, Serbian
Recognised regional languages		Turkish, Gorani, Romani, Bosnian
Demonym		Kosovar, Kosovan
Government		Parliamentary republic under international supervision
-	President	Behgjet Pacolli
-	Prime Minister	Hashim Thaçi
-	International Civilian Representative	Pieter Feith (EU)
Independence1		from Serbia, UNMIK
-	UNSCR 1244	10 June 1999
-	Proposal for Status Settlement	26 March 2007
-	EULEX	16 February 2008
-	Declared	17 February 2008