Friday, 10 December 2010
Pakisthan richest
| Rank | Name | Net Worth ($ USD) | Age | Residence | Sources of income & wealth | Industries |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Mian Muhammad Mansha | 2 billion -5 billion | 62 | Islamabad | Nishat Group, MCB, Adamjee Group, Nishat Chiniot power | Textiles, Banking, Energy, Transport |
| 2 | Asif Ali Zardari | 1.8 bil | 54 | (Home-town)Nawabshah | Multiple Sources | Business, Food, Investment, Real estate |
| 3 | Anwar Pervez | 1.5 bil | 74 | London | Bestway group, United Bank Limited | Cement, Banking, Cash & Carry (Wholesale) |
| 4 | Nawaz Sharif | 1.4 bil | 59 | Lahore | Ittefaq group | Food & steel |
| 5 | Saddaruddin Hashwani | 1.1 bil | 68 | Islamabad | Marriot Hotels, Pearl Continental Hotel, Orient Petrolium | Hotels & Resorts, Oil & Gas |
| 6 | Nasir Schon | 1 bil | 52 | Karachi and Dubai | Schon Group | Real estate, Fertilizer |
| 7 | Abdul R Yaqoob | 1 bil | Karachi and Dubai | ARY Group | Media, Real estate, Retail | |
| 8 | Rafiq Habib | 900 mil | Karachi | House of Habib Habib Bank AG Zurich, Makro Pakistan | Banking & Finance, Retail, Construction, Manufacture and Retail of Toyota Cars, Etc. | |
| 9 | Tariq Saigol | 850 mil | Lahore | Sahgal Group Kohinoor Textile Mills, Pak Elektron Ltd, Saigol Motors, Sajeel Motors | Energy, car production, Textiles | |
| 10 | Dewan Mushtaq | 800 mil | Karachi | Dewan Mushtaq Group, Dewan Salman Fibre, Dewan sugar mills, Dewan textile mills, Pakland Cement | Automobiles, Textiles, Sugar, Polyster | |
| 11 | Sultan Ali Lakhani | 800 mil | Karachi | Lakson Group | Media, Food, Insurance, Energy | |
| 12 | Malik Riaz Hussain | 800 mil | Rawalpindi | Bahria Town | Real estate | |
| 13 | Sheikh Abid Hussain alias Seth Abid | 780 mil | Lahore | Green Fort | Real estate | |
| 14 | Mian Mohammed Latif | 700 mil | Faisalabad | ChenOne & Chenab Textiles | Textiles & Fashion | |
| 15 | Abdul Ghafoor | 660 mil | Faisalabad | Sitara Chemicals & Yasir Spinning | Textiles & Energy |
Monday, 22 November 2010
A short write up on radio.
Beginning in the early 1890s, Alexander Stepanovich Popov conducted experiments along the lines of Hertz's research. In 1894-95 he built his first radio receiver, an improved version of coherer-based design by Oliver Lodge. He presented it to the Russian Physical and Chemical Society on May 7, 1895 — the day has been celebrated in the Russian Federation as "Radio Day". The paper on his findings was published the same year (December 15, 1895). Popov had recorded, at the end of 1895, that he was hoping for distant signaling with radio waves.
In the years that followed, Popov worked on his design. His receiver proved to be able to sense lightning strikes at distances of up to 30 km, thus functioning as a lightning detector. In late 1895, Popov built a version of the receiver that was capable of automatically recording lightning strikes on paper rolls. Popov's system was eventually extended to function as a wireless telegraph, with a Morse key attached to the transmitter. There's some dispute regarding the first public test of this design. It is frequently stated that Popov used his radio to send a Morse code message over a distance of 250 m in 26 March 1896 (three months before Marconi's patent was filed). However, contemporary confirmations of this transmission are lacking. It is more likely that said experiment took place in December 1897.In 1900 a radio station was established under Popov's instructions on Hogland island (Suursaari) to provide two-way communication by wireless telegraphy between the Russian naval base and the crew of the battleship General-Admiral Apraksin. By February 5 messages were being received reliably. The wireless messages were relayed to Hogland Island by a station some 25 miles away at Kymi (nowadays Kotka) on the Finnish coast.
Marconi
Guglielmo Marconi is said to have read, while on vacation in 1894, about the experiments that Hertz did in the 1880s and about Tesla's work. It was at this time that Marconi began to understand that radio waves could be used for wireless communications.
Marconi's early apparatus was a development of Hertz’s laboratory apparatus into a system designed for communications purposes. At first Marconi used a transmitter to ring a bell in a receiver in his attic laboratory. He then moved his experiments out-of-doors on the family estate near Bologna, Italy, to communicate further. He replaced Hertz’s vertical dipole with a vertical wire topped by a metal sheet, with an opposing terminal connected to the ground. On the receiver side, Marconi replaced the spark gap with a metal powder coherer, a detector developed by Edouard Branly and other experimenters. Marconi transmitted radio signals for about a mile at the end of 1895.
By 1896, Marconi introduced to the public a device in London, asserting it was his invention. Despite Marconi's statements to the contrary, though, the apparatus resembles Tesla's descriptions in the widely translated articles. He filed a patent on his system with the British Patent Office on June 2, 1896.
Marconi's reputation is largely based on these accomplishments in radio communications and commercializing a practical system. His demonstrations of the use of radio for wireless communications, equipping ships with life saving wireless communications, establishing the first transatlantic radio service, and building the first stations for the British short wave service, have marked his place in history.
Transatlantic transmissions
In 1901, Marconi claimed to have received daytime transatlantic radio frequency signals at a wavelength of 366 metres (820 kHz).[22][23][24] There are various science historians, such as Belrose and Bradford, who have cast doubt that the Atlantic was bridged in 1901, but other science historians have taken the position that this was the first transatlantic radio transmission. The Poldhu to Newfoundland transmission claim has been criticized.Guglielmo Marconi (Italian pronunciation: [ɡuʎˈʎɛːlmo marˈkoːni]; 25 April 1874– 20 July 1937) was an Italian inventor, best known for his development of a radio telegraph system, which served as the foundation for the establishment of numerous affiliated companies worldwide. He shared the 1909 Nobel Prize in Physics with Karl Ferdinand Braun "in recognition of their contributions to the development of wireless telegraphy" and was ennobled in 1924 as Marchese Marconi.
Sunday, 17 October 2010
Biggest railway tunnel-some facts!
Coordinates: 46°36′00″N 8°45′54″E / 46.600°N 8.765°E / 46.600; 8.765
Overview
Line AlpTransit
Location Swiss Alps
Status Under construction
Start Erstfeld (Uri)
End Bodio (Ticino)
Operation
Work begun 1996
Opened 2017 (planned)
Owner Swiss Federal Railways
Operator Swiss Federal Railways
Traffic Train
Technical
Line length 57.104 km (35.483 mi) (east tunnel)
57.017 km (35.429 mi) (west tunnel)
No. of tracks 2 single track tunnels
Gauge 1,435 mm (4 ft 8 1⁄2 in) (standard gauge)
Operating speed up to 250 km/h
Highest elevation 549 m
Lowest elevation
Zambia Mania!
__________
Motto: "One Zambia, One Nation"
Anthem: Stand and Sing of Zambia, Proud and Free
Capital
(and largest city) Lusaka
15°25′S 28°17′E / 15.417°S 28.283°E / -15.417; 28.283
Official language(s) English
Recognised regional languages Nyanja, Bemba, Lunda, Tonga, Lozi, Luvale, Kaonde.
Demonym Zambian
Government Republic
- President Rupiah Banda
- Vice President George Kunda
Independence from the United Kingdom
- Date 24 October 1964
Area
- Total 752,618 km2 [1](39th)
290,587 sq mi
- Water (%) 1
Population
- 2009 estimate 12,935,000[2] (71st)
- 2000 census 9,885,591[3]
- Density 17.2/km2 (191st)
44.5/sq mi
GDP (PPP) 2009 estimate
- Total $18.454 billion[4]
- Per capita $1,541[4]
GDP (nominal) 2009 estimate
- Total $13.000 billion[4]
- Per capita $1,086[4]
Gini (2002–03) 42.1 (medium)
HDI (2007) ▲ 0.481 (low) (164th)
Currency Zambian kwacha (ZMK)
Time zone CAT (UTC+2)
- Summer (DST) not observed (UTC+2)
Drives on the left
ISO 3166 code ZM
Internet TLD .zm
Calling code 260
Friday, 27 August 2010
Football- Futsal what's the difference?
Here is the winners of FIFA ;
| Year | Host | Final | Third Place | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Winner | Score | Runner-up | Third Place | Score | Fourth Place | ||||
| 1989 Details |  Netherlands |  Brazil | 2–1 |  Netherlands |  United States | 3–2 a.e.t. |  Belgium | ||
| 1992 Details |  Hong Kong | Brazil | 4–1 | United States |  Spain | 9–6 |  Iran | ||
| 1996 Details |  Spain | Brazil | 6–4 | Spain |  Russia | 3–2 |  Ukraine | ||
| 2000 Details |  Guatemala | Spain | 4–3 | Brazil |  Portugal | 4–2 | Russia | ||
| 2004 Details |  Chinese Taipei | Spain | 2–1 |  Italy | Brazil | 7–4 |  Argentina | ||
| 2008 Details |  Brazil | Brazil | 2–2 a.e.t. (4–3 PSO) | Spain | Italy | 2–1 | Russia | ||
| 2012 Details |  Thailand | ||||||||
1. Brazil
Saturday, 14 August 2010
BBC
BBC
The British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) is the largest broadcasting organisation in the world. Its global headquarters are located in London and its main responsibility is to provide public service broadcasting in the United Kingdom, Channel Islands and Isle of Man. The BBC is an autonomous public service broadcaster that operates under a Royal Charter. Within the United Kingdom its work is funded principally by an annual television licence fee, which is charged to all United Kingdom households, companies and organisations using any type of equipment to record and/or receive live television broadcasts; the level of the fee is set annually by the UK Government and agreed by Parliament.
Outside the UK, the BBC World Service has provided services by direct broadcasting and re-transmission contracts by sound radio since the inauguration of the BBC Empire Service in December 1932, and more recently by television and online. Though sharing some of the facilities of the domestic services, particularly for news and current affairs output, the World Service has a separate Managing Director, and its operating costs are funded mainly by direct grants from the UK government. These grants are determined independently of the domestic licence fee.
The Corporation's 'guaranteed' income from the licence fee and the World Service grants are supplemented by profits from commercial operations through a wholly owned subsidiary, BBC Worldwide Ltd. The company's activities include programme- and format-sales, magazines including Radio Times and book publishing. The BBC also earns additional income from selling certain programme-making services through BBC Studios and Post Production Ltd., formerly BBC Resources Ltd, another wholly owned trading subsidiary of the corporation.
History
The BBC was the world's first national broadcasting organisation and was founded on
The British Broadcasting Company Ltd. was created by the British General Post Office (GPO) and John Reith applied for a job with the existing company and later became its General Manager. The company was wound-up and on 1 January 1927 a new non-commercial entity called the British Broadcasting Corporation established under a Royal Charter became successor in interest.
To represent its purpose and values, the Corporation adopted the coat of arms, incorporating the motto "Nation shall speak peace unto Nation". The motto is generally attributed to Montague John Rendall, former headmaster of Winchester College, and member of the first BBC Board of Governors. The motto is said to be a "felicitous adaptation" of Micah 4: 3 "nation shall not lift up a sword against nation".
Experimental television broadcasts were started in 1932 using an electromechanical 30 line system developed by John Logie Baird. Limited regular broadcasts using this system began in 1934, and an expanded service (now named the BBC Television Service) started in 1936, alternating between an improved Baird mechanical 240 line system and the all electronic 405 line Marconi-EMI system. The superiority of the electronic system saw the mechanical system dropped early the following year. Television broadcasting was suspended from
The European Broadcasting Union was formed on
Competition to the BBC was introduced in 1955 with the commercial and independently operated television network ITV. However, the BBC monopoly on radio services would persist into the 1970s. As a result of the Pilkington Committee report of 1962, in which the BBC was praised for the quality and range of its output, and ITV was very heavily criticised for not providing enough quality programming, the decision was taken to award the BBC a second television channel, BBC2, in 1964, renaming the existing service BBC1. BBC2 used the higher resolution 625 line standard which had been standardised across
Starting in 1964 a series of pirate radio stations (starting with Radio Caroline) came on the air, and forced the British government finally to regulate radio services to permit nationally based advertising-financed services. In response the BBC reorganised and renamed their radio channels. The Light Programme was split into Radio 1 offering continuous "Popular" music and Radio 2 more "Easy Listening". The "Third" programme became Radio 3 offering classical music and cultural programming. The Home Service became Radio 4 offering news, and non-musical content such as quiz shows, readings, dramas and plays. As well as the four national channels, a series of local BBC radio stations were established in 1967, including Radio London.
In 1974, the BBC's teletext service, Ceefax, was introduced, created initially to provide subtitling, but developed into a news and information service. In 1978 BBC staff went on strike just before the Christmas of that year, thus blocking out the transmission of both channels and amalgamating all four radio stations into one.
Since the deregulation of the UK television and radio market in the 1980s, the BBC has faced increased competition from the commercial sector (and from the advertiser-funded public service broadcaster Channel 4), especially on satellite television, cable television, and digital television services.
The BBC Research Department has played a major part in the development of broadcasting and recording techniques. In the early days it carried out essential research into acoustics and programme level and noise measurement.[citation needed]
The 2004 Hutton Inquiry and the subsequent Report raised questions about the BBC's journalistic standards and its impartiality. This led to resignations of senior management members at the time including the then Director General, Greg Dyke. In January 2007, the BBC released minutes of the Board meeting which led to Greg Dyke's resignation.
Unlike the other departments of the BBC, BBC World Service is funded by the Foreign and Commonwealth Office. The Foreign and Commonwealth Office, more commonly known as the Foreign Office or the FCO, is the British government department responsible for promoting the interests of the
On
Tuesday, 10 August 2010
Discovery Channel
Here Are some details of Discovery Channel, one of the most viewed infotainment channels.
Discovery Channel
| Discovery Channel | |
|---|---|
|
| |
| Launched | June 17, 1985 |
| Owned by | Discovery Communications, Inc. |
| Picture format | 480i (SDTV)
1080i (HDTV) |
| Slogan | The world is just awesome. |
| Country | Worldwide |
| Language | English |
| Headquarters | Silver Spring, MD |
| Sister channel(s) | Discovery Networks |
| Website | Official Website |
| Availability | |
| Terrestrial | |
| Selective TV Inc.
(Alexandria, MN) | K47KZ (Channel 47) |
| Satellite | |
| DirecTV | Channel 278
Channel 1278 (VOD) |
| Dish Network | Channel 182 |
| C-Band | AMC 10-Channel 21 |
| Starchoice | Channel 505 |
| Sky Mexico | Channel 251 |
| Dish Network Mexico | Channel 402 |
| SKY Italia | Channel 401 |
| DSTV | Channel 121 |
| Cable | |
| CableVision (Argentina) | Channel 52 |
| Available on most cable systems | Check your local listings |
| IPTV | |
| Sky Angel | Channel 313 |
| AT&T U-Verse | Channel 120 (SD)
1120 (HD) |
Do you See Discovery channel? If yes, Then isn't the channel exciting it gives me tons of loads of information! The start up- capital was given by BBC to Discovery.In the next post it will be about BBC! British Broadcasting Copration.
Sunday, 8 August 2010
UN President.
In 1921 she married Ranjit Sitaram Pandit, who died on 14 January 1944. She was the first Indian woman to hold a cabinet post. In 1937 she was elected to the provincial legislature of the United Provinces and was designated minister of local self-government and public health. She held the latter post until 1939 and again from 1946 to 1947. In 1946 she was elected to the Constituent Assembly from the United Provinces.
Following India's independence from the British in 1947 she entered the diplomatic service and became India's ambassador to the Soviet Union from 1947 to 1949, the United States and Mexico from 1949 to 1951, Ireland from 1955 to 1961 (during which time she was also the Indian High Commissioner to the United Kingdom), and Spain from 1958 to 1961. Between 1946 and 1968 she also headed the Indian delegation to the United Nations. In 1953, she became the first woman President of the United Nations General Assembly
In India, she served as governor of Maharashtra from 1962 to 1964, after which she was elected to the Indian Lok Sabha from Phulpur, her brother's former constituency. She held office from 1964 to 1968. Pandit was a harsh critic of her niece, Indira Gandhi, after Gandhi became Prime Minister in 1966, and she retired from active politics after relations between them soured. On retiring she moved to Dehradun in the Doon Valley in the Himalayan foothills.
In 1979 she was appointed the Indian representative to the UN Human Rights Commission, after which she retired from public life. Her writings include The Evolution of India (1958) and The Scope of Happiness: A Personal Memoir (1979).
Her daughter Nayantara Sahgal, who later settled in her mother's house in Dehradun, is a well-known novelist.
Gita Sahgal, the writer and journalist on issues of feminism, fundamentalism, and racism, director of prize-winning documentary films, and human rights activist, is her grand-daughter.
Assembly President!
Ali Abdussalam Treki (Arabic: علي عبد السلام التريكي ) (born 1938) is a Libyan diplomat. He was foreign minister of Libya from 1976 to 1982 and again from 1984 to 1986.
Treki assumed office as President of the United Nations General Assembly on 15 September 2009.So, did you Know that?
Saturday, 7 August 2010
.com
Didi you know '.com' stands for commercial?and also, that the first .com was 'www.symbolics.com'. And Did you know at least there are now at least 77millon .coms? .com domain is currently operated by veri sign.it was actually operated by the united states department of defense.
Blog!
Friday, 6 August 2010
The Barca?
Which famous Club has The Nick name Barca? Yes it's easy. Barca! Barcelona of course!Ya!Great. Fc barcelona Is one of the only LA LIGA teams To never be Relagated tom la liga b.
Wednesday, 19 May 2010
Answer and a question, and a fact.
Wednesday, 14 April 2010
WHO said this?
Thursday, 18 March 2010
hello!
OK guys, sorry that i could 'NT come back early, any way 2010 is the year of the tiger!